Is there room to tap the potential of the hottest

Is there room to tap the potential of electricity prices? Thinking after the research on reducing the power consumption cost of industrial enterprises

in March 2018, Chongqing Energy Bureau carried out the research on "reducing the power consumption cost of enterprises in industrial parks". In order to do a good job in this survey, 14 districts and counties were investigated first, and some problems that need attention were preliminarily sorted out. Then four districts and counties, including Wanzhou District, Fengjie County, Wushan County and Wuxi County, were selected as the field survey destinations. The research adopts various methods such as discussion, visit, questionnaire survey, etc., and strives to understand the power consumption cost of enterprises from many aspects. With wisdom and strength, Chongqing Economic Information Commission, Chongqing Price Bureau, central China Energy Regulatory Bureau and other departments were invited to participate in the survey. Representatives of Chongqing Municipal People's Congress and CPPCC members were invited to guide, and relevant experts and professionals from Chongqing Energy Research Association, power sales enterprises, energy-saving service enterprises and other relevant experts and professionals were invited to participate in the survey throughout the process

according to the research, in recent years, especially since the power system reform in 2015, the state and Chongqing have issued a number of targeted policies and measures to reduce factor costs, which have achieved remarkable results in reducing the power consumption cost of enterprises, and the service awareness and level of power enterprises have been significantly improved. But at the same time, it is also found that some enterprises have a one-sided understanding of reducing power consumption costs, the government departments' policies and measures to reduce power consumption costs of enterprises are not comprehensive enough, the mechanism of reducing power consumption costs of enterprises through market methods and professional services has not been really established, power enterprises still have the potential to further improve quality and efficiency, and there are also constraints in the system and mechanism that need to be solved urgently

high unit power consumption cost does not mean high electricity price

power consumption cost is an important part of the enterprise's operating cost. Regardless of the proportion, it is related to the operating efficiency. Enterprises naturally have the demand to reduce the power consumption cost. It can be said that in almost every enterprise research, researchers will hear the voice of enterprises reflecting high electricity prices. For example, when the electricity price per kilowatt hour reaches eighty-nine cents, more than one yuan or even higher, it will also be mentioned where or whose electricity price is low, only forty-five cents, and so on. Usually at this time, there will be voices asking power generation enterprises or power enterprises to directly reduce electricity prices, so as to achieve the goal of reducing enterprise electricity charges, which is beneficial to saving costs

lowering the electricity price can indeed reduce the power consumption cost of enterprises immediately. However, the concepts of electricity price and unit electricity cost are confused here, and the two cannot be equated. Electricity price is the standard set by the competent price department of the government for the settlement of electricity charges between power enterprises or power selling enterprises and power consuming enterprises. The amount of a kilowatt hour of electricity reflected by the enterprise is the amount shared to each kilowatt hour of electricity after the summary of various expenses of electricity consumption in the current period. Electricity price is a very complex system, including electricity price structure, electricity price category and pricing method. Under the same electricity price system, due to the differences in the power consumption characteristics of different enterprises, even the same power consumption, there will be great differences between the final power consumption fee and the unit power consumption cost converted to each kilowatt hour

the reduction of power consumption cost of enterprises is simply understood as the reduction of electricity price, which also reflects the long-term dependence on administrative means. Some enterprises lack the awareness and means to actively reduce the cost of electricity, and government departments have not paid attention to various cost reduction measures other than the electricity price policy. Reducing the electricity price is not the whole of reducing the power consumption cost of enterprises. Reducing the power consumption cost of enterprises cannot only focus on the electricity price, nor can it simply equate reducing the power consumption cost of enterprises with the obligations of power enterprises, and purely rely on the efforts of power generation enterprises and power enterprises

in addition to capacity electricity charge, there is also time of use electricity price

under the current electricity price system, the phenomenon of high electricity cost per enterprise unit is analyzed, and the capacity of two-part electricity price is 10 The inner diameter of the burner is Φ 0.17mm electricity charge is a focus that cannot be bypassed. The purpose of setting capacity electricity charge is to improve the utilization efficiency of power generation and electricity assets and promote the rational use of electricity by enterprises. Since 2015, the price department has issued corresponding policies to reduce the power charge of enterprise capacity. Power enterprises have made a lot of efforts and achieved remarkable results. Objectively speaking, the high capacity electricity charge of enterprises is not the price mechanism of two-part electricity price. It is not so much that the two-part electricity price has pushed up the power consumption cost of enterprises, but rather that enterprises lack attention to this or do not have reasonable countermeasures, or that there is a lack of market mechanism to provide corresponding professional services for power consumption enterprises. The capacity electricity charge of industrial enterprises is high, so it is necessary to check whether the transformer configuration is reasonable, whether the charging method of capacity electricity charge is appropriate, and whether the declared capacity on demand is adjusted in time according to the production power consumption

a very common phenomenon is that some enterprises habitually allocate transformer capacity according to the maximum power load in order to save equipment investment in the later stage or seek to be in place at one time when applying for power consumption. When the actual production demand of the enterprise does not match the transformer allocation capacity, the phenomenon of "pulling a cart by a horse" occurs. The low level of load rate directly causes the high basic electricity charge, which is finally reflected in the high unit power consumption cost. Even if some enterprises can reasonably select the transformer capacity, due to the unbalanced power load produced, there will be impact loads or large loads in a short period of time, which will not avoid higher capacity electricity charges

electricity price is not only an important tool to reflect the value of electricity as a commodity and settle accounts with users, but also an important signal to promote the optimal allocation of power resources, and even an important function of macroeconomic regulation. Because of the multiple attributes of electricity price, the design of electricity price system is very complex. In addition to the two-part tariff, the time of use tariff policy is also another important aspect that affects the power cost of enterprises. The purpose of setting TOU price is to guide enterprises to reasonably arrange production and improve the utilization efficiency of power facilities. Through the survey, it is found that the districts and counties in the Northeast Chongqing reservoir area have a large population and weak industrial foundation. In order to solve the general labor employment, they are mostly labor-intensive industries such as shoe and clothing manufacturing, glasses manufacturing, primary electronic raw device processing and so on. Because employees take care of the needs of family life, the increased labor cost of night production and night production safety, such enterprises mainly produce during the day. The survey shows that 47% of enterprises can only produce during the day, and only 4% of enterprises can avoid peak production at night. The TOU price policy cannot play a role in guiding peak avoidance. The current TOU price policy is basically one size fits all. The vast majority of enterprises can not use the TOU price policy to reduce the cost of electricity, but increase the cost of electricity. On the contrary, some high-energy consumption such as cement enterprises are avoiding peak production, reducing the cost of electricity. The current TOU price policy obviously does not meet the requirements of guiding enterprises to use electricity reasonably under the new situation, and does not play the role expected by the policy, so it is urgent to optimize and adjust

whether there is room to tap the potential of electricity price

an important spirit of Zhongfa No. 9 document is to straighten out the price formation mechanism. The transmission and distribution electricity price of monopoly links is approved by the government according to the principle of allowable cost plus reasonable income. The price policy has its seriousness, and power enterprises are the executors of power prices. On the one hand, reducing the power consumption cost of enterprises cannot be simply understood as reducing the electricity price. On the other hand, it cannot be conditionally considered as a one-sided concept as soon as it is heard of reducing the electricity price. We have to admit that there is indeed a lot of room for efforts in electricity prices

in addition to the widely concerned two-part electricity price, time of use electricity price and cross subsidy, there are also many issues worthy of attention at the level of electricity cost supervision. For example, the published power loss level in Anhui is 72% and 54% higher than that in Guizhou and Yunnan, respectively. Why is the gap so large and how to reduce the power loss level to promote the reduction of electricity price. Recently, the National Energy Administration released the "supervision report on the investment results of ten typical power projects such as Zhejiang Ford high voltage AC", which reflects that the transmission benefits of some projects are not brought into full play, the use efficiency is low, and some individual projects exceed the approved scale or the investment is high, resulting in unreasonable costs, etc. At the provincial level, there has been a lack of supervision and evaluation in this regard. Improving the efficiency and rationality of power investment is an important part of reducing transmission and distribution electricity prices. It is also an urgent weakness that the provincial Ministry of power investment, industry and information technology will "make an issue" around optimizing the development environment of the new material industry. In addition, government funds and surcharges are also very important to reduce electricity prices

in addition to reducing electricity prices, what users can do

the power consumption cost of enterprises is the sum of all kinds of fixed and variable costs paid by the consumption of electric energy, including equipment investment, equipment depreciation, equipment operation and maintenance costs, power consumption costs, power factor assessment and other costs. The level of unit power consumption cost is not only related to the level of electricity price, but also has an important relationship with the configuration and utilization rate of power equipment, the mode of production power consumption, and the efficiency of energy management. Unreasonable equipment configuration will lead to excessive initial investment in the construction of power supply facilities; Unreasonable capacity configuration of main transformer will lead to high capacity electricity charge; Without reactive power compensation, the power factor does not meet the standard, which will lead to excessive power regulation electricity charges, and so on. To reduce the cost of electricity, we need to fully explore all links and take into account all factors. For power enterprises, it is necessary to have a full life cycle power cost control system. In the initial configuration stage of electrical equipment, it is necessary to accurately analyze the power demand, reasonably configure the number and capacity of transformers, reasonably formulate the operation plan according to the production situation in the production stage, select the optimal capacity electricity billing method, do a good job in equipment operation and maintenance, and comprehensively optimize the efficiency and control the cost

during the investigation, a pressure station of an enterprise has an installed capacity of 63000 KVA, two 31500 KVA transformers, one in operation and one for standby, long-term low load operation, the maximum monthly power consumption is 1.45 million kwh, and the average monthly power consumption is 400000 kwh. Reactive power compensation devices are not built synchronously, the power factor is only 0.74, and the unit power consumption cost is 1.91 yuan/kWh. At the beginning of equipment configuration and investment, the enterprise lacked understanding of its own power consumption mode, and did not consider the production mode of long-term standby and short-term operation of the booster station, which was ultimately manifested in the lack of professionalism, flexibility and compatibility in the configuration of power facilities. Local power enterprises have provided solutions. First, there is an urgent need to increase high-voltage reactive power compensation devices to improve power factors. Second, one transformer can be suspended and the other cold standby can be used to supply power with a small capacity transformer. If the hot standby cannot be changed to cold standby, the basic electricity charge method can be changed from capacity charge to demand charge

during the investigation, a textile enterprise installed a transformer with a total capacity of 1000 KVA, but settled according to the general industrial and commercial electricity price. Only changing to the large industrial electricity price, the unit electricity cost can be reduced from 0.989 yuan/kWh to 0.862 yuan/kWh, a decrease of 14.7%. According to the analysis, if the enterprise can further expand its production capacity and reach the current threshold of participating in large user direct transactions, the unit power cost is expected to reach the level of 0.75 yuan/kWh, which can be reduced by 11.5%

institutional factors affecting the power consumption cost of enterprises

in addition to electricity price factors and tapping the potential of enterprises themselves, there are also external environment affecting the power consumption cost of enterprises, the most obvious of which are some institutional factors

first, market barriers. Cross region power purchase is an important means for enterprises participating in market transactions to reduce power consumption costs. However, in fact, the power trading center has been established for nearly two years, and only a few power consumption enterprises can really participate in cross regional power purchase. An article pointed out that "the problem of inter provincial barriers is prominent", emphasizing that "the key is to give full play to the role of market mechanism